Research on the Biochemical Alterations in Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Caused by the Mungbean Yellow Mosaic India Virus (MYMIV)

In the current study, the biochemical changes in mungbean caused by the yellow India virus were investigated. At 30 and 60 days after sowing (DAS), the biochemical contents were examined by the researchers. These included total phenol, total sugar, total protein, total chlorophyll, and enzyme activity of phenyl nine ammonia lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (PO). It was found that the phenol concentration of resistant genotypes was higher than that of extremely sensitive genotypes. A similar pattern was seen in the concentration of chlorophyll, total phenol, and the activity of the enzymes peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenyl nine ammonia lyase. Among resistant genotypes, NMS-21-95 exhibited the highest total chlorophyll content (0.27 mg/g) and phenol content (0.55 mg/g). Nonetheless, it was shown that the resistant genotypes NMS-21-01 had the highest total sugar content (2.93 mg/g). Likewise, NMS-21-22 had the greatest protein content (0.59 mg/g) at 30 DAS. The resistant genotype NMS-21-06 displayed a notably higher PO activity of 0.410 A/min/g in terms of enzyme activity. Meanwhile, PPO activity was found to be much higher (0.245 A/min/g) in resistant genotypes 40C. Moreover, the PAL enzyme-resistant genotype NMS-21-01's activity at 30 DAS was measured in 145.5 moles of trans-cinnamic acid min-1 g1. These extensive metabolic changes imply that defense mechanisms against host-pathogen interactions are strengthening essential components for plant survival under biotic stress. Thus, the study revealed that in the mungbean and MYMV interaction, the morphological and biochemical activities which are supportive to establish defence mechanism.