Intercropping and Nutrient Management in Tuber Crops: A Review

Among the land used for growing food and tuber crops assume prime importance in human diet after cereals, being a concentrated source of carbohydrates. In Philippines, Java, Indonesia, Sumatra, Malaysia, Bangladesh, India, China and south eastern Asian countries, tuber crops are either the staple or subsidiary food for about one-fifth of the human population. The crop plays a crucial role in satisfying the multifaceted needs of the human population contributing to food, nutritional, social and economic security. In the present scenario of climate change and lack of adequate areas for cultivation tuber crops are gaining a significant importance. Limited availability of additional land for crop production, decreased soil fertility and declining yield for major food crops have been cited as the major concerns for agriculture’s ability to provide nourishment for the increasing population. The tuber crops are usually long duration crops and it provides a scope for land intensification through intercropping. Intercropping is a farming practice that is commonly adopted in the tropics. Based on the spatial arrangement of crops in the field, intercropping can be largely practiced in various ways. The implementation of intercropping within tuber crop systems, especially in conjugation with leguminous species, has demonstrated considerable advantages in augmenting productivity, pest control and resource efficiency. This methodology not only elevates crop yields but also plays a vital role in promoting sustainable agricultural practices. Another important aspect that affects the overall productivity of the tuber crops is the nutrient management. Nutrient management plays a crucial role in optimizing tuber productivity in the tropical regions. While this review emphasizes the importance of intercropping and tailored nutrient management, challenges remain in ensuring that all farmers adopt these practices effectively, particularly in regions with varying soil conditions and crop requirements.