Pattern of Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Fayoum (Egypt)

Background: People with type 2 Diabetes (type II DM) have an elevated risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) for which Dyslipidemia is the major contributor. Diabetic patients have characteristic pattern of dyslipidemia with Decreased level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and elevated triglycerides (TG) level, high serum VLDL-triglycerides and a preponderance of small, dense LDL.

This Study Aimed: To study the pattern of dyslipidemia in Egyptian type II diabetic patients.

Subject and Method: The study included 500 subjects: Four hundred type -2 diabetic patients of both sexes aged 20 - 65 years from different rural and urban areas of Fayoum governorate with no past or current history of lipid lowering agents and one hundred age & sex matched individuals as a control group. A Full medical history including the patient`s age, sex, duration of diabetes, family history of diabetes, drugs used in treatment of diabetes and history of CVD.

An overnight fasting blood sample was obtained for (Total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, TGs), HbA1c, SGPT, SGOT, Creatinine and Urea, CBC.

The Results: showed that 48.3% of the diabetics had hypercholesterolemia (TC ≥ 200 mg/dL), 62.5% had hypertriglyceridemia (TG ≥ 15 0 mg/dL) 61.8% had serum LDL-C ≥ 100 mg/dL and 12.5% of diabetics had a an (HDL-C < 40 mg/dL.

Conclusion: This study concluded that serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C are elevated, HDL levels are lowered in Egyptian diabetics compared to non-diabetics. So, we can recommend that measurement of serum lipid profile should be included in the management plan of diabetics.