Assessment of Implant Stability: Methods and Recent Advances

Achieving primary stability is of greatest importance, at the time of implant placement. A rigid fixation of implant within the host bone, in absence of micromotion is the most critical factor for successful osseointegration. Over the years, several authors have reported various methods in literature to monitor implant stability, which include, tapping the abutment with a metallic instrument, histomorphometry test, removal torque test, cutting torque test, radiography, periotest, and resonance frequency analysis. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) offers a clinical, objective way to measure stability and presumed osseointegration of implants. The review focuses on different methods used to assess implant stability and recent advances in this field.